Energy storage batteries with wireless charging functions eliminate physical connectors, enabling convenient, contactless power transfer for portable devices, electric vehicles, and industrial systems. These batteries integrate receiver coils and power management circuits to convert electromagnetic fields into electrical energy, offering advantages like reduced wear, improved safety, and seamless integration into waterproof or sealed devices. Wireless charging technologies—including inductive coupling, magnetic resonance, and radio frequency (RF) harvesting—are paired with battery chemistries optimized for efficient energy conversion.  

Inductive charging is most common for mid-power applications (5–150 W), using coils in the charger and battery to create a magnetic field. Smartphones, wireless earbuds, and some electric toothbrushes use lithium-polymer (Li-Po) batteries with built-in wireless receivers, allowing placement on charging pads without cables. The battery’s charging circuit includes a rectifier to convert alternating current (AC) from the coil to direct current (DC) for storage, with efficiency typically 70–85%. For higher-power systems, such as electric vehicles (EVs), magnetic resonance coupling enables charging over greater distances (up to 1 meter), using larger coils and higher frequencies (100–300 kHz) to power 5–20 kW battery packs.  

RF harvesting is ideal for low-power batteries in IoT devices, using antennas to capture ambient radio waves (e.g., from Wi-Fi or cellular towers) and convert them to milliwatt-level power. Lithium-thionyl chloride (Li-SOCl₂) or thin-film lithium-ion batteries store this energy, suitable for sensors that require minimal, intermittent power. Some advanced systems even use ambient heat or vibration to generate RF signals for charging, creating fully self-powered battery systems.  

Safety and efficiency are key design considerations. Wireless charging batteries include overheating protection (thermal sensors cut off charging above 45°C), foreign object detection (FOD) to prevent damage from metal debris, and adaptive power control to optimize charging speed based on battery state. As wireless charging standards like Qi 2.0 evolve to support higher powers and faster speeds, energy storage batteries will integrate more sophisticated receiver technologies, enabling contactless charging for everything from medical implants to industrial robots. The elimination of cables not only enhances convenience but also reduces e-waste, making wireless-charging batteries a cornerstone of modern, sustainable electronics.