Lead acid energy storage batteries have been a mainstay in backup power applications for decades, thanks to their reliable performance, relatively low cost, and wide availability. These batteries consist of lead plates and sulfuric acid electrolyte, and they operate based on a chemical reaction that converts electrical energy into chemical energy during charging and vice versa during discharging. Despite the emergence of more advanced battery technologies, lead acid batteries continue to hold a significant share in backup power systems due to their unique advantages.

One of the primary reasons for the popularity of lead acid batteries in backup power applications is their affordability. The materials used in their construction, such as lead and sulfuric acid, are relatively inexpensive, making lead acid batteries a cost effective choice for applications where large amounts of energy storage are required but budget constraints exist. For example, in small and medium sized businesses, lead acid battery based uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems are commonly used to provide backup power during short term outages, ensuring the continuous operation of critical equipment like servers, computers, and communication devices.

Lead acid batteries also offer good reliability and ease of maintenance. They can be easily recharged and have a relatively long shelf life when stored properly. In addition, the technology behind lead acid batteries is well understood, and there is a large pool of technicians and service providers who are proficient in handling and maintaining these batteries. This makes it convenient for users to find support and replacement parts when needed. However, lead acid batteries do have some limitations, such as a lower energy density compared to modern lithium ion batteries, which means they are bulkier and heavier for the same amount of energy storage. Nevertheless, for backup power applications where the primary requirement is to provide short to medium term power during outages, lead acid batteries remain a practical and widely adopted solution, especially in regions with limited access to more advanced battery technologies or where cost is a major concern.